Implementing Shared Treatment Decision Making and Treatment Decision Aids: a Cautionary Tale
نویسندگان
چکیده
El interés en la toma de decisión médica compartida y en las ayudas a la toma de decisión se desarrollaron en los años ochenta y noventa con un foco inicial en pacientes con cáncer, y en particular, en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Este interés con el tiempo ha experimentado un cambio en énfasis desde la curiosidad acerca del signifi cado de estos conceptos y su potencial para mejorar la participación del paciente en la toma de decisión a una promoción a gran escala, intentos de expansión, implementación en una variedad de situaciones clínicas, medición de resultados múltiples en niveles clínicos y de política pública y el desarrollo de criterios estandarizados para evaluar las ayudas a la toma de decisión. En este artículo planteamos la cuestión: ¿estamos moviéndonos demasiado rápido en la promoción de la decisión médica compartida y de la ayuda a la toma de decisión antes de resolver los importantes desafíos que todavía existen acerca del signifi cado y los méritos de estas iniciativas? Discutimos cuatro desafíos: i) ambigüedad e inconsistencia en la defi nición de la decisión médica compartida; ii) variaciones en las preferencias de médicos y pacientes sobre la decisión médica compartida; iii) el incremento en el número y rango de metas defi nidas para lograr con la toma de decisión compartida y/o la ayuda a la decisión; iv) la carencia de apoyo teórico y empírico bien documentado para los criterios usados en la evaluación de la calidad Abstract
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